Calamus root (Acorus calamus), or sweet flag, is a traditional medicinal herb primarily used for gastrointestinal distress, such as indigestion, gas, colic, and stomach acidity, as well as for treating respiratory issues like coughs and bronchitis. It acts as a bitter tonic and mild sedative with antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory properties, often used in Ayurvedic and folk medicine to improve memory, soothe skin conditions, and reduce pain. 

Key Medicinal Uses of Calamus Root:

Digestive System Support: Calamus is widely used to treat gastrointestinal problems, including constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, and gastritis. It is known to help soothe ulcers and stimulate appetite.

Respiratory Relief: The root is effective in treating chronic bronchitis, coughs, and bronchial asthma.

Neurological and Psychological Health: In Ayurvedic practice, it is used to address mental disorders like hysteria, melancholia, and memory loss. It acts as a mild sedative.

Anti-inflammatory and Pain Relief: It is used to relieve rheumatism, arthritis, and general aches.

Topical Applications: When applied to the skin, it can help with various skin diseases and as a paste for skin conditions. It is also used to strengthen hair.

Other Uses: It has been used for reducing fever, treating infections due to its antiseptic properties, and aiding in smoking cessation. 

Important Safety Information:

Active Constituents: The primary active ingredients are alpha- and beta-asarone, which are known to have sedative and antispasmodic effects.

Precautions: Calamus root should be used with caution, particularly at high dosages, due to potential genotoxicity from asarone.

Contraindications: It is not recommended for pregnant women, young children, or individuals with specific, severe medical conditions without medical advice